Incredible India: Top 10 All time Great Politician of Independent India

Incredible India: Top 10 All time Great Politician of Independent India

Higgs Boson (God Particle)

Satyendra Nath Bose (INDIAN SCIENTIST)
This experiment was performed in Large hadron collider.in CERN (French/swiss border) and the 
 other scientists. To have more information visit toHiggs Boson and gravitmotion.info,http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/07/14/higgs-boson-god-particle-religion-science_n_1672741.html?utm_hp_ref=religion.The 'God particle': Higgs boson explained in 5 points.


The Higgs boson explains why particles have mass -- and in turn why we exist. Without the boson, the universe would have no physical matter, only energy.The Higgs boson is the final piece of the Standard Model of particle physics, the most successful and accurate theory of particles and forces. Like the periodic table of elements, the Standard Model attempts to classify all the constituents of matter in the universe. It includes leptons (for example the electron) and quarks (which form protons and neutrons). It also includes particles which mediate forces between the quarks and leptons (like electromagnetism). The Higgs boson is thought to give mass to some of these particles while leaving others, like the photon, massless.

The Higgs boson has been predicted by theorists because it solves the problem of “electroweak symmetry breaking.” Broken symmetry is actually something you have encountered before, just not by this name. For example, you have a ball at the top of a mountain. From the ball's point of view, the mountain is symmetric and all directions are the same. However, when you drop the ball it will roll in a particular direction. Once it has chosen a direction, the symmetry has been broken. The mountain is still symmetric by itself, but not from the ball's point of view. This is an example of a broken symmetry.

So what does a ball rolling down a mountain have to do with the Higgs? To answer that question, let's look at a very basic property of matter in our universe: mass.

Why do particles in our universe have mass? The Higgs is like the ball in our example. When it rolls to one side of the “mountain”, it breaks a different kind of symmetry between two forces of nature, the weak force responsible for radioactive decay and the electromagnetic force. The particles which mediate the weak force become massive, and the photon which mediates the electromagnetic force does not.

The Higgs is one of the main reasons that the LHC was built, and finding it is something thousands of physicists have been working towards for decades. We do not yet know if the new particle we have observed is actually the Higgs or something more exotic with similar properties. Many other theories which may explain the shortcomings of the Standard Model (including phenomena such as dark matter) predict a similar particle. Much more work still needs to be done, but we have taken a large step towards understanding the fundamental structure of our world. It is a major accomplishment and reason for celebration.

What exactly is the string theory? Do these 'strings' really exist? And how can we know they exist if they have not been proven?

String theory is essentially trying to explain why we have all the fundamental particles we have.  So, protons and neutrons are made up of even smaller particles called quarks, and you get electrons and higher energy, more exotic particles – things like muons, and all sorts of different particles.  They can combine in different ways and they all have different masses.

People who are much better at maths  have spent a long time trying to find mathematical constructs, so ways of putting maths together to produce objects which look like the particles that we see and have similar properties which we can call mass. 

One of the ways they've done this is with some maths which look a bit like strings.  You can have oscillations on a string.  If you wobble the string slowly, you get one wobble in it as it wobbles left and right.  If you wobble it faster, you can get it to start making a snaking wobble.  As you make it faster and faster, these different vibrations could be associated with different particles.

The actual strings themselves are probably just maths.  We have no evidence to say there are actual little bits of cotton wobbling very, very rapidly.  So all we know is that there is some maths which gives rise to things which look a bit like the particles we have.  We are not even sure that there's any actual evidence to say that string theory is better than any other particular theory.  They haven’t actually got that far, but that's what the guys in CERN are trying to do.

Can we re-use the ash from burning waste?

Yes.  There are two types of ash that come from thermal treatment – one is known as incinerated bottom ash and that's the majority of it which is the clinker that drops out of the bottom of the furnace if you like.  That can be safely recycled and used as good quality aggregate and that happens already.  They take the metals out, any metals that are left in it, and again those various metals are recycled.  The bottom ash itself is used as aggregate for road building, for block making, et cetera.

The interesting bit and where the science bit comes in, I guess, is the other type of ash - known as air pollution control residue - which is where you've injected lime and carbon, and things, to remove any pollutants.

Increasingly, we’re looking to re-use that particular type of ash in the manufacture of gypsum or the replacement of gypsum for gypsum board and such like.  So, science is being applied to look at new ways of recycling that because everything about both thermal treatment and energy recovery as well as the rest of the waste and recycling industry these days is all about getting the most resource efficiency that we can out of all the materials we use as a society.

Why do leaves change colour in Autumn?

The answer to this is that leaves look green because they contain the pigment chlorophyll which is what they need to do photosynthesis, the process of grabbing energy that's in sunlight and driving a chemical reaction with it in order to turn carbon dioxide and water into glucose – C6H12O6 – that's what photosynthesis is.  But leaves also contain other chemicals including antioxidant chemicals and one of the chemicals they contain is a family of chemicals called carotinoids which, as the name suggests, are orangey or yellow.  So once the chlorophyll goes away in the leaf then you see that orangey yellow colour. 

As we get towards autumn, because the leaves know that they're senescing – they're getting old, they're going to be lost soon - they reduce their rate of chlorophyll production and that means that there's less of the green pigment in the leaf and therefore, the yellow colour that the green was previously hiding is disclosed and that's why the leaves appears changed colour because the leaves are running out of chlorophyll.  Some leaves also turn a red colour though, don't they, which is nice.  Not all leaves but some species and that's because actually, they make another class of chemicals called anthocyanins.  These are the same things you find in beetroot.  They're a dark deep red colour and they're also a family of antioxidants.  And what the plants do is put those into the leaves to sustain, and support and prevent stress in the leaves as they go towards winter, and that means the plant has longer to scavenge back from the leaf the things that it wants to rescue back into the plant before it dumps the leaf because once you lose the leaf, you're losing tissue, you're losing salts, and chemicals, and potentially, other good for you things. 

So by protecting the leaf with these other anthocyanin molecules for a little bit longer, you hang on to your leaves for slightly longer than you otherwise would

When looking at distant objects, are we looking at the past?

Comments Plz....

WORLD SMALLEST HELICOPTER

This is the GEN H-4.It is the world’s smallest co-axial helicopter.it is powered By four GEN125 engines,producing 40hp @ 6800-7500rpm and boasts a shock absorbent aluminium frame.It has a max.speed of 55mph.